economic importance of coconut

In fact, the toning property of coconut helps in preventing acne by minimizing the pores of the skin, leaving it glowing. In addition to its use as a food, the coconut is also a source of oil, which is used in cooking and in the production of a range of products, including soaps, cosmetics, and candles. [10], True-to-type dwarf varieties of Pacific coconuts have been cultivated by the Austronesian peoples since ancient times. Many insect pests and diseases affect the species and are a nuisance for commercial production. Dried coconut flesh is called copra, and the oil and milk derived from it are commonly used in cooking frying in particular as well as in soaps and cosmetics. 2022 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. Domesticated Pacific coconuts, on the other hand, are rounded in shape with a thinner husk and a larger amount of endosperm. Source of Raw Material for the Agro-Based Industries In the agro-based industry, fruit growing offers the raw materials for canning and preserving products, among other things fresh fruits. She earned her B.A. This variety of oilseeds made up over 10 percent of the sector that year. 37(9):830-5, 2004. Your energy will be boosted and the thyroid gland hormones production will be enhanced. Dried coconut leaves can be burned to ash, which can be harvested for lime. In Florida, wild populations of coconut palms extend up the East Coast from Key West to Jupiter Inlet, and up the West Coast from Marco Island to Sarasota. [1] The term "coconut" (or the archaic "cocoanut")[2] can refer to the whole coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit, which botanically is a drupe, not a nut. It is grown in tropical and subtropical regions, with the majority of global production occurring in Asia, followed by the Pacific and the Americas. The original one is held each October in Greenwich. The fruit, meat, water, and milk of the coconut are all widely consumed as part of the diet in many parts of the world. "Chapter 12 Coconut". [144], Coconut sap, usually extracted from cut inflorescence stalks is sweet when fresh and can be drunk as is such as in tuba fresca of Mexico (derived from the Philippine tub). [26][27] The vast majority of Cocos-like fossils have been recovered generally from only two regions in the world: New Zealand and west-central India. Traditional Training of Pig-tailed Macaques as Coconut HarvestersM Bertrand; Science; Jan 1967. The inner flesh of the mature seed, as well as the coconut milk extracted from it, form a regular part of the diets of many people in the tropics and subtropics. Ingredient Lists); Major Food Allergens (food source names and examples)", "How to Tell When Coconuts Are Ripe on the Tree", "When Are Coconuts Ripe: Do Coconuts Ripen After They Are Picked", "ICC Quality Standard: Desiccated Coconut", "Exporting desiccated coconuts to Europe", "Full Report (All Nutrients): 12117, Nuts, coconut milk, raw (liquid expressed from grated meat and water)", "Ginataang Manok (Chicken Stewed in Coconut Milk) Filipino Recipe! Sri Lanka established its Coconut Development Authority and Coconut Cultivation Board and Coconut Research Institute in the early British Ceylon period.[109]. On the eve of Choti Holi . [107] The annual rainy season known locally as khareef or monsoon makes coconut cultivation easy on the Arabian east coast. [112] Proteins from coconut may cause food allergy, including anaphylaxis. Coconut oil has high world demand as an ingredient in cosmetics, soaps, hair oils, body oils and in food products and has surged in popularity because of its health benefits. (2009). [23] The root system consists of an abundance of thin roots that grow outward from the plant near the surface. [118][119] Another method is to shake the coconut. The earliest Cocos-like fossil to be found was "Cocos"zeylanica, a fossil species described from small fruits, around 3.5cm (1+12in) 1.3 to 2.5cm (12 to 1in) in size, recovered from the Miocene (~23 to 5.3 million years ago) of New Zealand in 1926. Sri Lanka is the world's fourth-largest producer of coconuts and is the second-largest producer of coconut oil and copra, accounting for 15% of the global production. [114], The coconut palm is grown throughout the tropics for decoration, as well as for its many culinary and nonculinary uses; virtually every part of the coconut palm can be used by humans in some manner and has significant economic value. According to epidemiological research published in 1981, a group of Polynesians for whom coconut represented 60% of the daily diet had no evidence of heart disease or hypercholesterolemia, despite the high lauric and myristic acid intake. Coconut Research Center. The Makapuno (phenomenon) coconut is recognized to be due to the absence of two enzymes in the nut that are responsible in the degradation of the galactomannan in the solid endosperm so that it remains soft and this has become the characteristic of the nut. The coir is used to make brooms in Cambodia.[158]. Though safer and faster than the climbing method, its main disadvantage is that it does not allow workers to examine and clean the crown of coconuts for pests and diseases. Indonesia overtook it in 2010. Though Kerala has the largest number of coconut trees, in terms of production per hectare, Tamil Nadu leads all other states. [84] Modern methods use hydraulic elevators mounted on tractors or ladders. The coconut populations in the island show genetic admixture between the two subpopulations indicating that Pacific coconuts were brought by the Austronesian settlers that later interbred with the local Indo-Atlantic coconuts. Agriculture Industry In the past, the harvesting of coconuts and their husks was considered part of the waste or for burning fuel, and they did not have much economic benefit. The fresh husk of a brown coconut may serve as a dish sponge or body sponge. And no coconut can float over the sea faster than a balsa raft moves with the wind behind it. Rich in fiber and MCTs, it may offer a number of benefits, including improved heart health, weight loss, and digestion. 37(9):830-5, 2004. In India, the woven coconut leaves are used to build wedding marquees, especially in the states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu. Coconuts were introduced by Europeans to the Americas only during the colonial era in the Columbian exchange, but there is evidence of a possible pre-Columbian introduction of Pacific coconuts to Panama by Austronesian sailors. Because of its properties that reduce appetite and boost metabolism, coconut oil can help in losing fat in the long term. [73], The coconut palm is damaged by the larvae of many Lepidoptera (butterfly and moth) species which feed on it, including the African armyworm (Spodoptera exempta) and Batrachedra spp. "[117] In the coconut industry, coconut meat can be classified loosely into three different types depending on maturity namely "Malauhog", "Malakanin" and "Malakatad". Sweet coconut sap can be made into drinks or fermented into palm wine or coconut vinegar. The edible white, fleshy part of the seed (the endosperm) is known as the "coconut meat", "coconut flesh", or "coconut kernel. Some seasonal variation is tolerated, with good growth where mean summer temperatures are between 28 and 37C (82 and 99F), and survival as long as winter temperatures are above 412C (3954F); they will survive brief drops to 0C (32F). Very very educational many thanx for your elaborate description.Raheem, Your email address will not be published. Coconut is an important tree crop with diverse end-users and employment generation potentials. On many islands, coconut is a staple in the diet. See also Can I Rub Coconut Oil On My Gums? Corrections? 2023 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. Fresh husks contain more tannin than old husks. As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. [49][4][48][60], The coconut played a critical role in the migrations of the Austronesian peoples. While there is a concentration of coconut plantations in the coastal regions of the country, it is also grown in the hinterlands where the agro-climatic requirements of coconut cultivation are met. Lately, civil wars and crop failures have driven up the EU Rotterdam coconut oil price, which has doubled during 2010-2011, nearing $2,000 per tonne, according to the UK Grocer. [179] In the story of Sina and the Eel, the origin of the coconut is related as the beautiful woman Sina burying an eel, which eventually became the first coconut. After the first six to nine years, the coconut palm bears fruit, producing roughly 50 fruits per tree per year, up to 300. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. However, several states like Assam, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Tripura, Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh have emerged as non-traditional areas for the cultivation of coconut. Its versatility and value make it an important commodity that continues to play a vital role in the economic development of many countries around the world. [74], Brontispa longissima (coconut leaf beetle) feeds on young leaves, and damages both seedlings and mature coconut palms. It supplies food, drink and shelter and also supplies raw material to number of industries intimately connected with domestic as well as economic life. A 100-gram (3+12-ounce) reference serving of raw coconut flesh supplies 1,480 kilojoules (354 kilocalories) of food energy and a high amount of total fat (33 grams), especially saturated fat (89% of total fat), along with a moderate quantity of carbohydrates (15g), and protein (3g). It is still the largest producer of coconut oil and copra, accounting for 64% of the global production. [134][135] It can also be diluted into a beverage. Her articles have appeared in "Newton Magazine" and she has contributed to myriad popular books, including "Masters of Deception" and "Click: The Ultimate Photography Guide for Generation Now." Which Is Healthier Refined Or Unrefined Coconut Oil? It also promotes scalp health by fighting against insect bite, lice and dandruff. Coconuts probably originated somewhere in Indo-Malaya and are one of the most important crops of the tropics. What is the economic importance of coconut? Coconut copra, used to make coconut oil, is prepared at the coconut farms, using very simple techniques and taken to large scale oil mills through a complex and speculative marketing system. This accompanies the palagip (prayer to the dead). On account of this, thepalm has been regarded as Kalpvriksh (Tree of heaven). De-husked coconuts are also easier for consumers to open, but have a shorter postharvest storage life of around two to three weeks at temperatures of 12 to 15C (54 to 59F) or up to 2 months at 0 to 1.5C (32.0 to 34.7F). and Koop Wind (Eds.). A recently discovered palm, Beccariophoenix alfredii from Madagascar, is nearly identical to the coconut, more so than the queen palm and can also be grown in slightly cooler climates than the coconut palm. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization reports the top producers are the Philippines, Indonesia, Brazil, and India. Both the exocarp and the mesocarp make up the "husk" of the coconut, while the endocarp makes up the hard coconut "shell". Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Coir Developments Much of coir production is done by small holders meaning production is scattered and at small volumes. Its BRIX level is 16 [sugars] compared to 12 in sugarcane juice. Due to growing sedentary lifestyles and heavy-handed landscaping, a decline in these traditional farming and soil-fixing techniques has occurred. [49][50], Genetic studies of coconuts have also confirmed pre-Columbian populations of coconuts in Panama in South America. Coconut oil is one of nine internationally traded vegetable oils and ranks eighth in global production. Desiccated or shredded coconut is very popular in breakfast cereals and cookies as well. The inner flesh of the mature seed, as well as the coconut milk extracted from it, form a regular part of the diets of many people in the tropics and subtropics. Coconut oil is a "functional food" that is popular in traditional medicine in Asia and used worldwide to treat a wide variety of health problems from abscesses to upset stomachs. It was first developed for commercial cultivation in the Philippines and is used widely in Philippine cuisine for desserts, drinks, and pastries. In Johann Vollmann and Istvan Rajcan (Eds.). Coconut meal leftovers from oil and milk production feeds livestock. What happens to your body if you drink coconut water everyday? Domesticated coconuts also have more amounts of coconut water. Home Fruits What Is The Importance Of Coconut? These skilled, unpaid laborers can pick hundreds of coconuts daily. It has a crunchy watery texture and a slightly sweet taste. Harvesting and Yield in Lucerne Cultivation, Important Problems of Coconut Cultivation, Farming Systems & Sustainable Agriculture, Breeding of Field and Horticultural Crops agriculture information, Fundamentals to Entomology agriculture information, Production Techniques for Biological Control Agents, Practicals on Technology of Milk & Milk Products agriculture information, Economics of Natural Resources & Farm Management agriculture information. Furthermore, the exports of coconut products serve as the nation's prime foreign exchange earner. [146] The sap when fermented can also be made into coconut vinegar or various palm wines (which can be further distilled to make arrack). Bertrand, Mireille. These provide substantial circumstantial evidence that deliberate Austronesian voyagers were involved in carrying coconuts across the Pacific Ocean and that they could not have dispersed worldwide without human agency. They were selected for by the Austronesian peoples for their larger endosperm-to-husk ratio as well as higher coconut water content, making them more useful as food and water reserves for sea voyages. The coconut palm is one of the most beautiful and useful trees in the world, grown in more than 80 countries of the tropical. The coconut tree provides food, fuel, cosmetics, folk medicine and building materials, among many other uses. These skilled, unpaid laborers can pick hundreds of coconuts daily. Coconut water serves as a suspension for the endosperm of the coconut during its nuclear phase of development. June 14, 2022; ushl assistant coach salary . Conclusion A high source of important vitamins and minerals, as well as high in fibre, fruits are an excellent food choice. Coconut oil is a "functional food" that is popular in traditional medicine in Asia and used worldwide to treat a wide variety of health problems from abscesses to upset stomachs. Its meat is sweetened, cut into strands, and sold in glass jars as coconut strings, sometimes labeled as "coconut sport". ~The effect will be much stronger when consumed by adding ~When mask made with milk inside coconut, color tone of skin will be opened. The endocarp is initially filled with a multinucleate liquid endosperm (the coconut water). [49], In contrast to the Pacific coconuts, Indo-Atlantic coconuts were largely spread by Arab and Persian traders into the East African coast. [12], Botanically, the coconut fruit is a drupe, not a true nut. A cloudy white liquid, it has a particularly sharp, acidic taste with a slightly yeasty note.[149]. Although it shares similar characteristics to dwarf coconuts (including slow growth), it is genetically distinct and is thus believed to be independently domesticated, likely in Tonga. Especially immature coconuts (6 to 8 months from flowering) sold for coconut water and softer jelly-like coconut meat (known as "green coconuts", "young coconuts", or "water coconuts"), where the original coloration of the fruit is more aesthetically pleasing. Few plants are as versatile as the coconut. Coconut is grown in more than 90 countries of the world and Indonesia, Philippines, India are the major producing countries of the world. Copyright 2023 Cocoanesia. The tender coconutis witnessing a surge in sales in the country. Several countries' economies are based on the coconut palm. The Pacific group is the only one to display clear genetic and phenotypic indications that they were domesticated; including dwarf habit, self-pollination, and the round "niu vai" fruit morphology with larger endosperm-to-husk ratios. [181], Literary evidence from the Ramayana and Sri Lankan chronicles indicates that the coconut was present in the Indian subcontinent before the 1st centuryBCE. [20], The evolutionary history and fossil distribution of Cocos nucifera and other members of the tribe Cocoseae is more ambiguous than modern-day dispersal and distribution, with its ultimate origin and pre-human dispersal still unclear. The haustorium absorbs the solid endosperm to nourish the seedling. Economic importance of coconut pdf. Coconut fruits float readily and have been dispersed widely by ocean currents and by humans throughout the tropics. Several countries' economies are based on the coconut palm. The player buys some small balls which are then thrown as hard as possible at coconuts balanced on sticks. Copyright 2020 Deejay Coconut Farm Pvt Ltd | All Rights Reserved |, Scope for Coconut Cultivation and its National Importance, Four things you most likely didnt know about coconut hybridization. It was the world's largest producer for decades until a decline in production due to aging trees as well as typhoon devastation. It is offered during worship to a Hindu god or goddess. Fancy utensil can be prepare from shell. [82][78][83] Other manual methods to make climbing easier include using a system of pulleys and ropes; using pieces of vine, rope, or cloth tied to both hands or feet; using spikes attached to the feet or legs; or attaching coconut husks to the trunk with ropes. Coconut flesh is high in fat and can be dried or eaten fresh or processed into coconut milk orcoconut oil. Improves hair health: Eating or applying coconut oil in your hair stimulates hair growth, prevents hair breakage and split ends. Nearly one third of the world's population depends on coconut for nutrition and trade. Omani people needed the coir rope from the coconut fiber to stitch together their traditional seagoing dhow vessels in which nails were never used. It also promotes scalp health by fighting against insect bite, lice and dandruff. PETA later clarified that the use of macaques is not practiced in the Philippines, India, Brazil, Colombia, Hawaii, and other major coconut-producing regions. It is governed by a single recessive gene (there are studies to this effect) and . Composition and Uses: The following products of coconut are useful to human being. ", "Structure and Function of the Haustorim in Germinating Coconut Palm Seed", "Fossil fruit of Cocos L. (Arecaceae) from Maastrichtian-Danian sediments of central India and its phytogeographical significance", "An update of monocot macrofossil data from New Zealand and Australia", "A Fossil Coconut Fruit from the Early Eocene of Gujarat", "Long-distance dispersal of the coconut palm by migration within the coral atoll ecosystem", "Independent Origins of Cultivated Coconut (, "Ancient crops provide first archaeological signature of the westward Austronesian expansion", "Coconuts: not indigenous, but quite at home nevertheless", "An early sophisticated East Polynesian voyaging canoe discovered on New Zealand's coast", "Germination rate is the significant characteristic determining coconut palm diversity", "Deep history of coconuts decoded: Origins of cultivation, ancient trade routes, and colonization of the Americas", "Complete sequence and comparative analysis of the chloroplast genome of coconut palm (, The Coconut Odyssey the bounteous possibilities of the tree of life, Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, "Report: 26 provinces quarantined for coconut pest", "Coconut production in 2019, Crops/Regions/World list/Production Quantity (pick lists)", "Petenes mangroves: types and severity of threats", "Health of coconut tree climbers of rural southern India medical emergencies, body mass index and occupational marks: A quantitative and survey study", "Philippine coconut industry: No monkey business here", "The Chemistry of Coconut Milk and Cream", "New mechanical coconut climbing device developed", "A study on skills for trade and economic diversification (STED) in the non-traditional coconut export sectors of the Philippines". [27][29][30] Conran et al. It kills bacteria in the mouth and reduces bad breath. Mature fruits have significantly less liquid than young, immature coconuts, barring spoilage. [136][137] In the Philippines, sweetened reduced coconut milk is marketed as coconut syrup and is used for various desserts. These includes two specimens named "Cocos" palaeonucifera and "Cocos" binoriensis, both were dated by their authors to the MaastrichtianDanian of the early Tertiary (70 to 62 million years ago). Nata de coco, also called coconut gel, is another jelly-like coconut product made from fermented coconut water. Coconut water can be drunk fresh or used in cooking as in binakol. For for the bucking horse, see. The coconut tree is the official state tree of Kerala, India. The Hindu goddess of well-being and wealth, Lakshmi, is often shown holding a coconut. In the Ilocos region of the northern Philippines, the Ilocano people fill two halved coconut shells with diket (cooked sweet rice), and place liningta nga itlog (halved boiled egg) on top of it. As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. ; Muralidharan, K.; Parthasarathy, V.A. The coconut water strengthens your immune system and removes bacteria that cause urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, gum diseases and viruses which are causing cold, infection diseases and typhus. The terminology is derived from the Tagalog language. A coconut (Sanskrit: narikela) is an essential element of rituals in Hindu tradition. Various other products made from thickened coconut milk with sugar and/or eggs like coconut jam and coconut custard are also widespread in Southeast Asia. The word Narali is derived from naral implying "coconut" in Marathi. Coconut flesh is high in fat and can be dried or eaten fresh or processed into coconut milk or coconut oil. [133], Coconut milk and coconut cream extracted from grated coconut is frequently added to various dessert and savory dishes, as well as in curries and stews. She earned her B.A. It allows toxins to be thrown out of stomach. In Sanskrit, it is kalpa vriksha ("the tree which provides all the necessities of life"). Coconut is taken by mouth for bladder stones, diabetes, high cholesterol, and weight loss. This page was last edited on 30 January 2023, at 13:03. Early Spanish explorers called it coco, meaning "monkey face." It forms the basis of wedding and worship rituals in Hinduism. Oilseeds, overall. Phylogenetic evidence supports the closest relatives of Cocos being either Syagrus or Attalea, both of which are found in South America. Tempurung, as the shell is called in the Malay language, can be used as a soup bowl and if fixed with a handle a ladle. Cocos nucifera is a large palm, growing up to 30 metres (100 feet) tall, with pinnate leaves 46m (1320ft) long, and pinnae 6090 centimetres (23ft) long; old leaves break away cleanly, leaving the trunk smooth. It can be used in liquid form as would other vegetable oils, or in solid form similar to butter or lard. What is the economic importance of coconut? Dried half shells are used as the bodies of musical instruments, including the Chinese yehu and banhu, along with the Vietnamese n go and Arabo-Turkic rebab. A hard shell encloses the embryo with its abundant endosperm, composed of both meat and liquid. Updates? Be notified when an answer is posted. However, both James Cook and William Bligh[69] (put adrift after the Bounty mutiny) found no sign of the nuts along this 2,000km (1,200mi) stretch when he needed water for his crew. As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. Man cannot subsist solely on cereal grains. For other uses, see, "Coconut tree" redirects here. It is an important commercial product obtained from the husk of coconut. Self Magazine. nuciferae. Dried coconut is also used as the filling for many chocolate bars. Apart from its economic importance, the environmental and . As per 201415 statistics from Coconut Development Board of Government of India, four southern states combined account for almost 90% of the total production in the country: Tamil Nadu (33.8%), Karnataka (25.2%), Kerala (24.0%), and Andhra Pradesh (7.2%). The name comes from the old Portuguese word coco, meaning "head" or "skull", after the three indentations on the coconut shell that resemble facial features. [131][86] Most of the fat is saturated (89%), with lauric acid being the major fatty acid. [158], The leftover fiber from coconut oil and coconut milk production, coconut meal, is used as livestock feed. Some cultivars such as 'Fiji dwarf' form a large bulb at the lower stem and others are cultivated to produce very sweet coconut water with orange-colored husks (king coconut) used entirely in fruit stalls for drinking (Sri Lanka, India). The tender nut supplies coconut water, a popular thirst quencher of health and hygienic value. Nevin KG. The coconut tree (Cocos nucifera) is a member of the palm tree family (Arecaceae) and the only living species of the genus Cocos. The fresh kernel includes moisture 45% protein, 4%, fat 37%, minerals 4% and carbohydrates 10%. Tannin produces negative effects on sapling growth. Medium chain fats have also been known to help in weight loss and reduce waist circumference. "Effects of coconut oil on testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia in Sprague-Dawley rats". Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. It noted that by using these small atolls, the species could easily island-hop. [45], Modern genetic studies have identified the center of origin of coconuts as being the Central Indo-Pacific, the region between western Southeast Asia and Melanesia, where it shows greatest genetic diversity. [153], The husk and shells can be used for fuel and are a source of charcoal. Freshly shredded mature coconut meat, known as "grated coconut", "shredded coconut", or "coconut flakes", is used in the extraction of coconut milk. The meat of green coconuts is still developing, so they contain mostly water (2). The fruit may also be damaged by eriophyid coconut mites (Eriophyes guerreronis). Global Coconut production yields 6 million tons in coconut oil equivalent annually and 70% is produced by Philippines, Indonesia and India, Coconut area as a % of viable arable and permanent cropland. Coconut (Cocos nucifera). He also notes that several of the nuts began to germinate by the time they had been ten weeks at sea, precluding an unassisted journey of 100 days or more.[57]. Handwritten notes availableIf you find any doubt then you can ask me in the comment section below Please do like,share, comment the video and subscr. Want this question answered? Malauhog (literally "mucus-like") refers to very young coconut meat (around 6 to 7 months old) which has a translucent appearance and a gooey texture that disintegrates easily.

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